From the Bamiyan Valley to an ancient spiritual centre of Zoroastrianism and Buddhism, former Unesco senior official Francesco Bandarin looks at the embattled country’s most important landmarks

For decades, short-termism and conflicting interests have prevented a sustainable plan for Venice from being developed or enacted

An insider report from the site on the latest discoveries and re-building techniques

Rebuilding the roof will be among the main challenges, and the reconstruction of the spire will be among the most controversial

The US is signatory to The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which forbids any act of hostility to cultural property

A huge forest of scaffolding, fused by the fire in April, has to be cut away

Its official international role, to which Italy signed up, enables it to mobilise world expertise and funds

Five months on we look at the steps and measurements implemented by experts to start rebuilding the fire-ravaged cathedral

But attempts in the senate to ensure it will look as before the fire were dropped from the final version

“Where have the ethics and sense of a global mandate to protect the world’s heritage gone?”, asks Francesco Bandarin

The current approach to its restoration fails to take account of the interconnected structural “engineering” of Gothic architecture

The cathedral’s 19th-century additions are as much part of its history as its Gothic vaults, says a former director of Unesco’s World Heritage Centre